Core Configuration of China’s Private LoRaWAN Network

Release time:

2025-03-18

China Core Configuration of a LoRaWAN Private Network

China LoRaWAN (Low-Power Wide-Area Network) in CN470-510MHz The physical-layer specifications for the frequency band are primarily designed for long-range, low-power communication in IoT devices. The following is a detailed analysis:

1. Technical Background

LoRaWAN is based on LoRa An open standard for spread-spectrum technology, specifically designed for the Internet of Things, supporting wide-area coverage, low power consumption, and low cost. In accordance with its spectrum allocation plan, China will… 470.3-489.3MHz (Upward) and 500.3-509.7MHz (Downward) ** Designated as LoRaWAN of ISM Unlicensed spectrum (subject to compliance with Chinese regulations) SRRC Certification).

2. Uplink parameters ( 470.3-489.3MHz )

Number of channels: 96 one (number) 0-95 ), step length 200kHz , total bandwidth 19MHz

Calculation formula: Starting frequency 470.3 MHz + 200 kHz × 95 = 489.3MHz

Actual use 125 kHz Bandwidth ( LoRa Modulation bandwidth, channel spacing 200 kHz Includes a protective band to prevent adjacent-channel interference.

Data rate ( DR0-DR5 ): Corresponding to different spreading factors ( SF7-SF12 ), the speed range is approximately 0.3-50kbps

DR0 ( SF12 ): Low speed, long distance, and strong anti-interference; DR5 ( SF7 ): High speed, short distance.

Coding rate: 4/5 (i.e. 4 Bit information code + 1 parity check bits), thereby enhancing error-correction capability.

Application scenario: Terminal devices (such as sensors) randomly select channels to report data, supporting Class A/B/C Mode (default) Class A , after the uplink is established, the downlink window is forcibly opened).

3. Downlink parameters ( 500.3-509.7MHz )

Number of channels: 48 one (number) 0-47 ), step length 200kHz , total bandwidth 9.4MHz

Calculation formula: Starting frequency 500.3 MHz + 200 kHz × 47 = 509.7 MHz

Also use 125 kHz Bandwidth is isolated from the uplink frequency band to prevent bidirectional interference.

Data rate / Coding rate: Consistent with the uplink ( DR0-DR5 , coding rate 4/5 ), but the default is downstream RX2 The window is fixed to 505.3MHz ( DR0 ).

Function: The gateway sends acknowledgment frames or commands to the terminal via the downlink channel, supporting asynchronous communication (the terminal passively receives after transmitting upstream).

4. China-specific configuration

Power‑specific channel: Uplink channel 6-38 、 45-77 Reserved for China’s power IoT; non‑power equipment must disable these channels.

Power Limit: The terminal’s default transmit power. 14dBm (≤ 50mW ), single-packet transmission time < 5 seconds, in compliance with Chinese wireless communication regulations.

Channel hopping: The terminal randomly selects a channel for each communication session (using a pseudo-random algorithm), reducing co-channel interference and supporting multi-gateway networking.

  1. Comparison with other technologies

6. Summary

China LoRaWAN The core configuration of the private network is suited for low‑rate, long‑battery‑life IoT applications, such as environmental monitoring and asset tracking. Its design features include:

Unlicensed spectrum: license-free, suitable for enterprise‑built networks;

Spread-spectrum anti-interference: 125 kHz Bandwidth + CSS Modulation, strong penetration, with a coverage range of up to 10-15 kilometer;

Flexible networking: supports star topology, Mesh Topology, the gateway can simultaneously demodulate. 8 Road signals (such as SX1301 Chip).

If further deployment is required, care should be taken to avoid power lines and proceed via… LoRa Alliance certification (e.g., the Chinese version) LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Agreement).

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